25.设$\left| z+\sqrt{3}+i\right| \leq 1$,求$\left| z\right|$和argz的最大值和最小值. 解: 设$\left| z\right| =x+yi$ 得:$\left| \left( x+\sqrt{3}\right) +\left( y+1\right) i\right| \leq 1$ $\sqrt{\left( x+1\right) ^{2}+\left( y+1\right) ^{2}}\leq 1$ $\left( x+\sqrt{3}\right) ^{2}+\left( y+1\right) ^{2}=1$ 即, 复数z在复平面内对应的点到复数$-\sqrt{3}-i$在复平面对应的点$M\left( -\sqrt{3},-1\right)$的距离不大于1. $\left| z+\sqrt{3}+i\right| =1$是以$-\sqrt{3}-i$为圆心,以1为半径的圆; 满足$\left| z+\sqrt{3}+i\right| \leq 1$的$z$是位于这圆内部和圆周上的点所对应的复数。 $\left| \overrightarrow{OM}\right| =\sqrt{\left( -\sqrt{3}\right) ^{2}+\left( t\right) ^{2}}=2$ $\left| z_{\max }\right| =2+1=3$, $\left| z_{\min }\right| =2-1=1$ 解得模的最大值是3,最小值是1 d=\dfrac{Ax_{0}+By_{0}+c}{\sqrt{A^{2}+B^{2}}} 过原点做圆的切线,设这个切线为 $y=mx$ 由圆点到切线的距离故公式$d=\dfrac{Ax_{0}+By_{0}+c}{\sqrt{A^{2}+B^{2}}}$ 得:$m=0,m=\sqrt{3}$ \tan \theta =0或tan\theta =\sqrt{3} \theta =\dfrac{4\times \pi }{3},\theta =\pi argz的最大值是$\dfrac{4\pi }{3}$ ,最小值是$\pi$。 (1) $\because\left| \left| z_{1}\right| -\left| z_{2}\right| \right| \leq \left| z_{1}\pm z_{2}\right| \leq \left| z_{1}\right| +\left| z_{2}\right|$ $\therefore\left| \left| z\right| -\left| \sqrt{3}+i\right| \right| \leq 1$ $\therefore-1 \leqslant |z|-|\sqrt{3}+\mathrm{i}| \leqslant 1$ $\therefore-1 \leqslant |z|-2 \leqslant 1$ $\therefore 1 \leqslant |z| \leqslant 3$ 综上所述,结论是:$|z|$的最大值为$3$,最小值为$1$